The risk of emotional, mental, or physical harm to a child by a parent or caregiver, known as child abuse, is a global, social issue and is an unfortunately relevant problem in the United States. Child abuse has immediate effects on the individual, as well as long-term effects. The most common effects of child abuse occur within the individual’s mental and emotional health. The effects that an individual who has experienced child abuse can vary based on variables such as the age that the trauma occurred, the extensiveness of the trauma, and the way the individual copes with stress. Anxiety, depression, PTSD, and difficulty concentrating and connecting with others are all possible and frequent effects of child abuse. While occasionally perpetrators are careful not to leave physical marks on a case of child abuse, often victims of child abuse have bruises, swelling, sprains, burns, pain, difficulty walking or sitting, and some experience sexually transmitted infections or diseases. The immediate and long-term effects of child abuse have serious impact on the victim. While child abuse does have a direct effect on the individual, the results of child abuse can also affect the community. The family or friends of the victim often experience a loss of connection and feel pushed away from the victim.

Victims of child abuse are amongst various ages but research from the American Society for the Positive Care of Children shows that there is a higher concentration of child abuse in children under the age of one and then decreases slightly from the age of one to the age of seventeen. Child abuse has been recorded for most, if not all of history. Dating back to the 16^th and 17^th centuries, children were viewed as property of their fathers, which can be argued as classifying as child abuse. Many organizations, such as the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children works to help children and families affected by this social issue. Child abuse has been a big issue, and remains a big issue that needs to have more attention brought to it.

Gun control, police actions and brutality, and aggression are common topics linked to crime and violence, especially in the United States. Research from “Violent Crime: The US and Abroad” shows that the US has more guns per capita than anywhere else in the world. While gun ownerships is not the lone contributor to crime and violence, citizens of the United States feel as though gun possession needs to be more controlled. While some research has shown that US violence and crime rates are decreasing, violence is still a concern as the National Violent Death Reporting System has done research that states that more than seven people die a violent death per hour. Violence can change a community’s way of living and value but it is interesting that under President Donald Trump’s rule, it has been reported that crime rates have decreased. Larceny and theft, burglary, motor vehicle theft, aggravated assault, and robbery are the top five type of crime in the United States. Larceny and theft are the most common and more than 7 million cases of it are reported each year, making up sixty percent of all reported crimes. When comparing crime rate in the US to crime rates in other countries, articles have shown disputing results as some say the US is the most violent, and other say we are average. The US Department of Justice’s article displays crime rates across the years and answers many questions about crime and violence in the US. Crime and violence will always be seen as an issue and what will stop it?

Poverty, financial deficit of developing countries, and the lack of materials and necessities are all common reasons that education has become a global issue. According to the article, “Right to Education: Situation around the world”, more than 72 million children are unschooled around the world. It is also shown that more girls and women are unschooled than boys and men. Cultural and traditional custom hinder women from obtaining equal or any education. The lack of funding, specifically in undeveloped countries, is a main reason that the world struggles in the topic of education. Without proper funding, schools cannot access materials such as desks or textbooks, they cannot afford teachers who are properly schooled or trained, and they become stuck in an environment unsuitable to educate in. Countries may also experience foreign conflicts or war that hinders the ability to make it to a school safely. Distance itself is an issue in education as some countries have a rare amount of schools that may just be too far away for some potential students or they are in an unsafe neighborhood or environment. In many of these underdeveloped or smaller nations and countries, hunger and poor nutrition also contribute to the lack of education. Without the proper diet, an individual’s brain does not fully develop which can lead to poor grades, and the lack of ability to achieve the full learning potential. Education all around is expensive and various countries cannot provide a good quality of education because of it.

In other areas of the world, different circumstances can explain the topic of education. While in the US almost all students receive an education, the continuing of schooling into college has become an almost necessary element to a good future and job. College is too expensive for most and this either ends with students not attending college at all, attending a two-year facility, or tons of money in loans and debt. Education is very different in all parts of the world but each country shares a common social issue and that is the topic of education.

Social Issues have existed for as long as society has. The people affected, the place, and the importance always changes over time. In modern-day, three social issues afflicting society include LGBTQ+ rights, homelessness, and the criminal justice system.

As for LGBTQ+ rights, there is a movement to be more inclusive and accepting for same-sex relationships, parenting, bias-free education, and non-discrimination protections. Unfortunately many reject the LGBTQ+ community. In fact, “Sexual orientation ranks as the third-highest motivator for hate crime incidents (17 percent of total attacks).” 1 Many times the reason behind this hate is due to religious beliefs that homosexuality and transgenderism are a sin. Personally I know many people who are not discriminatory but are anti-LGBTQ+, which makes for extremely awkward situations. I choose this topic because I believe people should be able to love who they love and be who they wish to be. No one has the right to stop people from having control over their bodies and relationships. One specific issue involves LGBTQ+ youth. There is a gross lack of education on sex and history as well as biased and unsafe schools. “Five population-based surveys of high school students found that bisexual, lesbian and gay youth reported strikingly higher rates of sexual abuse and forced intercourse than their heterosexual counterparts (Saewyc et al. 2006).” 2 “LGBTQ youth represent as much as 40% of the homeless youth population. Of that population, studies indicate that as many as 60% are likely to attempt suicide” 3 There is plenty of history that can be taught about movements in America, like Harvey Milk, as well as the history of LGBTQ+ around the world. There are numerous surveys and facts that support issues youth face. No matter your belief about homosexuality, the pain, and death that children face is an obvious failure by society.

The second issue faced by too many is homelessness. This is the greatest fear for many in the realm of economic issues. Too many times have I gone to a city and passed by someone who is struggling to survive.

The winter is especially bad, as homeless and left outside to the elements. This can affect anyone in my personal community or in the world. For those in this situation not due to their own agency shows how society has failed to help people. There is plenty of statistics on this subject. For example, “564,708 people experiencing homelessness on any given night in the US. 36,907 (6.38%) are children, 47,725 (8.33%) are veterans, and 269,991 (47.6%) are disabled and unable to work.” 4 AS for history, researching other subjects like unemployment, poverty, abuse, mental illness, substance abuse, children being kicked out of their homes and so on. Understanding that most homeless aren’t homeless due to lack of effort, but outside societal forces that they cannot overcome alone. Focusing on how children can become homeless or unemployment is a good way to explain how and why people lose their homes. This can help people have more empathy and understanding causing them to help out more. Many people blame victims or the homeless for their situation when other factors may play a major part. 

The third and final social issue is the criminal justice system. Many debates have been fought over the dramatically increasing prison population, the cost of incarceration, the death penalty, and “revolving door in and out of prisons.”5 I choose this issue because crime affects everyone and the current system is not reforming prisoners. I also want to dive deeper into looking at why people commit crimes. For example, did they face abuse, did they not have access to education, are they impoverished, do they struggle with addiction and so on. Statistics on this topic are easily available and numerous studies have been done. As for history, one can look at the last few decades and look at how the criminal justice system has increased. For example, “the war on drugs” is just one example of how incarceration has changed. Something to focus on is the drastic inequality in representation. Men of color especially are shown as criminals and are concentrated in the inner cities. “The Bureau of Justice Statistics reports that 35% of state prisoners are white, 38% are black, and 21% are Hispanic.”6 Historically, possessing crack had more prison time than cocaine. People of color were more likely to have crack while whites were more likely to have cocaine despite them being practically the same drug. An interesting documentary called 13 goes in-depth about blacks in the criminal justice system. Police brutality and targeting based upon race is also connected to this social issue.

Overall, these issues affect many people and have been at the forefront of the current social issues facing America. 

Work Cited

1 and 2 Marzullo, Michelle A, and Alyn J Libman. “Research Overview: Hate Crimes Against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transexual People.” hrc.org. Human Rights Campaign Foundation, 2009. https://assets2.hrc.org/files/assets/resources/Hatecrimesandviolenceagainstlgbtpeople_2009.pdf?_ga=2.23063165.716889190.1581088277-332703889.1575742720.

3 “Youth Homelessness.” The Trevor Project. Accessed February 7, 2020. https://www.thetrevorproject.org/get-involved/trevor-advocacy/homelessness/.

4 “U.S. Homelessness Facts.” Front Steps, January 11, 2018. https://www.frontsteps.org/u-s-homelessness-facts/.

5 “Read ‘The Criminal Justice System and Social Exclusion: Race, Ethnicity, and Gender: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief’ at NAP.edu.” National Academies Press: OpenBook. Accessed February 7, 2020. https://www.nap.edu/read/25247/chapter/1#2.

6 Nellis, Ashley. “The Color of Justice: Racial and Ethnic Disparity in State Prisons.” The Sentencing Project, June 14, 2016. https://www.sentencingproject.org/publications/color-of-justice-racial-and-ethnic-disparity-in-state-prisons/.

Surveys have been around for generations, yet when approached by a random individual to take a survey, most people would say no. This is because the modernization of society has resulted in companies profiting from selling the data acquired from conducted surveys. People, including myself, have become more skeptical of surveys also because, with all this technology, we are constantly being sold something, and have trouble “to know what is legitimate and what is just an attempt to sell them something.” However, as reported in the New York Times article, “Why People Hate Taking Surveys,” a “Transparency Initiative” was created in order to bring back the faith in surveys by creating more standards and regulations must follow in surveying. But whether these are actually followed or have helped build trust back in surveyors.

Through research I conducted myself and articles that I have read, surveying is better than traditional research methods because of how technological our society has become. Nowadays, with online surveys, individuals can just click on a link and respond to questions in real-time. Especially, with programs such as Google Forms, the resulting data is automatically organized and compiled based on the answers received, ultimately saving steps and time that would be needed to interpret and go through the data. Conducting research through online surveys is also a notably less expensive process as well because there is a greater reach in less time. Another aspect of online surveys that prove they may provide more accurate information because some individuals may feel more comfortable being more specific or answering questions more truthfully anonymously through their phone or computer rather than in a face-to-face interview because of the fear of experiencing judgment from others.

What is also interesting about the impact of surveys, is because of technological advancements, people all over the world of different cultures will be able to respond rather than research conducted by word of mouth which allows for more opinions and perspectives to be represented. That is the beauty of surveys. Everyone has different world views because of the environment they grew up in and what resources they had access to and so on, therefore, different topics matter to different people. Overall, their more pros than cons of surveys because of how much easier it is to get more people to participate in the study and therefore, gather more information on more demographics than traditional research methods.

For example, when looking at the issue of the wage gap: this is an issue which may be more important and concerning for women because they are the ones that are receiving the short end of the stick in that situation, whereas men are being paid the wages and receiving the promotions that women deserve just as much. An individual’s race also plays into the importance of certain social issues over others. For example, bringing the previous example of the wage gap further, Kimberle Crenshaw’s concept of intersectionality, women of color are even further oppressed and receive even fewer wages and promotions than a woman of caucasian background. Therefore, women of color may find the wage gap even more pressing than caucasian women might.

References:

1. “Online Surveys versus Traditional Market Research.” Online Surveys compared with Traditional Market Research. Accessed February 6, 2020. http://www.marketingmindsresearch.com/case_study.html.
2. Thee-brenan, Megan. “Why People Hate Taking Surveys.” The New York Times. The New York Times, June 5, 2014. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/06/upshot/why-people-hate-taking-surveys.html.

Today we are often inundated with requests for our opinions. How many times have you been asked to take a survey by a brand in exchange for a potential reward? In a world where everyone wants our data for everything, it can feel obnoxious at times. The digital age makes it almost too easy to ask everyone what they think of everything nearly all the time. It can be very overwhelming. Even my college sends out surveys for its students to take all the time. For someone to want to take your survey, it must seem interesting while not appearing to be too difficult to respond to. People need to want to take your survey, as so many are shoved in their faces on the regular. This is unfortunate, especially considering how useful a survey is as a method of research.

With a healthy awareness for the many ways that bias can affect the results of a survey, one can retrieve some viable data. The most important aspect of a survey is how well the questions and formatting work to help prevent as much bias as possible from affecting the answers from each respondent. Surveys are especially effective when it comes to social science as well, considering how trying to run experiments to test out complex real world problems can be difficult in comparison to other more traditional sciences which may use other research methods. Within more traditional science, there are many unchanging patterns and rules which govern how the world works. In social science, it is not that simple as people are highly variable. What may be true in one scenario may not be true in the next. This is why we often need the voices of the people themselves when it comes to research in a social science.

As for the world views of the other survey respondents, I am not entirely sure if they will share a similar world view as me. I like to think that most people are progressive in this day and age, but most people are not well-informed on modern social issues, and by no fault of their own. That sort of knowledge and awareness must be sought out, as it might only be skimmed in public education. There is also the factor of ones own gender, race, and social class. These aspects can have a real impact upon ones world view, which can definitely have an impact upon a response to a survey. Gender, race, and social class all together have a very real impact on the way someone lives their day to day lives in a society that is divided along those lines. These factors create a substantial enough change in the way someone grows up and lives their life, that we have to be conscious of them when considering survey respondents. A man has a very different experience than a woman, a white person has a very different experience than a black person, and a poor person has a very different experience than a rich person. These all influence perspectives.

“Questionnaire Design.” Pew Research Center Methods. Pew Research Center. Accessed February 5, 2020. https://www.pewresearch.org/methods/u-s-survey-research/questionnaire-design/.

The process of using surveys has always been simple. People could walk in a booth and express their opinion on a topic and walk out with no questions asked. But as time progressed surveys began taking a new direction with the way they were being given to the people. Surveys began to be used as a way to get a percentage from a target group of people, such as African Americans or Hispanic people. But one thing that has been learned throughout the years is that not everyone expresses the same opinion. People tend to have different views on things because of the fact that they feel differently on a particular subject. Ethnicity and race are not the only factors that contribute to an opinion. Gender, religion, and culture also are defining factors in what makes a person think the way they do and feel the way they do. Opinions vary due to many factors and that fact alone is something that everyone ignores. Feelings about abortion can be used as an example. Issues with abortion has become one of the biggest social issue in this generation. So when being surveyed about abortion, the main question is always, are you pro-life or pro-choice? 

Plenty of surveys have been conducted asking people how they feel about this social issue and there is never a clear cut number of people who feel such a way about the topic. Looking at the chart above, you can see how the opinions vary and that’s without looking at them from a boy/girl perspective. Other studies have been conducted about abortion and a survey was taken from social work students. Social work students were chosen because it is in the job description of a social worker to advise their clients about abortion. They provide the information and resources that can help a person make a life changing decision. The article; Religiosity and Personal Beliefs Regarding Abortion: Results from a Survey of Social Work Students in the United States, states, “Survey data were collected from 504 social work students, who were asked about their practice and education experiences and their personally held beliefs about abortion. Linear regressions showed that higher religiosity was significantly associated with greater endorsement of anti-abortion attitudes.” In religion, it is against the customs to partake in certain activities and abortion is one of them. So even religion begins to play a part in the direction a survey can take and abortion is just an example of how a survey can draw out different opinions. But in the end that’s what a survey is searching for. So believe me when I tell you that no one has the same opinions on a topic. We can agree with another person or share similar views but our opinions on a topic will most likely never be the same. For example, the way I see abortion is that I have no issue with a woman going to get one. If that is what she feels she needs to do then by all means, do what you must. But I would feel differently if a woman wanted to have an abortion with my child. I know I would not be okay with that. So it can be said that I am pro-choice in general but pro-life when I am involved. That is something I am sure that not too many people share the same opinion as me but would agree with me. So with that being said, I do expect that people will not share the same opinions as me but factors such as gender, race, and social class will impact the world and will be reflected in surveys. 

Bird, Melissa, Stephanie Begun, and Kimberly McKay. “Religiosity and Personal Beliefs 

Regarding Abortion: Results from a Survey of Social Work Students in the United States.” Women’s Reproductive Health 5, no. 2 (April 2018): 117–31. doi:10.1080/23293691.2018.1463742.

Frazee, Gretchen. “New Abortion Laws Are Too Extreme for Most Americans, Poll Shows.” 

PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, 7 June 2019, 

www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/new-abortion-laws-are-too-extreme-for-most-americans-poll-shows.

Dixon, Matt. “Is It Time to Ditch the Post-Call Survey?” ICMI, August 7, 2019. https://www.icmi.com/resources/2019/is-it-time-to-ditch-the-post-call-survey.

No matter the topic, surveys allow for people to express their opinions so that they impact results of a survey and/or questionnaire.

Despite their expected brevity, surveys are an easy way to get access to so many individuals’ thoughts and opinions, especially if they do not wish to vocalize them publicly.  They are tools used to gauge public opinion regarding certain topics. The process of using surveys is easy and accessible to many due to the different forms they take.  Digital?  Written?  Over the phone? There are so many types of surveys with numerous ways to conduct them in order to receive the most accurate and useful data as possible in the most efficient ways.

Nowadays, surveys are all around us whether we realize it or not, whether they be disguised in an email asking us about a recent visit to a store or through the credit card machines while we are paying for our merchandise on the lines of department stores.  Engines such as Survey Monkey and Google Forms provide easy access to partaking in a survey about any given topic.  Traditional research methods tend to be longer and more tedious while surveys typically produce immediate results that are later used for further analysis to determine a general consensus. To construct a successful and effective survey, one should be aware of the power of psychology.  The diction is a key factor in expressing the meaning and intent of the question so that the same question is understood by all participants to have the same meaning.^1  If people are asked questions in a biased manner, their answers will most likely be reflective of that.  For this reason, it is important to avoid prejudice as well as ask a variety of questions while also being mindful of being simple.  Asking complex questions with longer phrases may mislead participants while answering.

“3 Essential Ingredients of Survey and Feedback Campaigns.” Iterable, November 26, 2019. https://iterable.com/blog/3-

essential-ingredients-survey-feedback-campaigns/.

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Surveys and questionnaires have become a useful tool in marketing and research. Surveys can be used for a variety of reasons and the structure of the survey can direct it in a particular direction. The anonymousness that surveys can allow brings a larger pool of participants to the survey group. Allowing the answers to remain anonymous allows participants to answer questions more truthfully, whereas if their name was attached to an answer, they may hesitate and choose a more socially correct answer in the fear of judgement or disapproval. Although anonymous, surveys can still ask questions in order to define a particular age group, race, or subject pool which can help infer the data of the results. The ability to be anonymous in a survey separates surveys from other research methods such as interviews because it is easier to obtain data from a larger, more honest pool of participants.

Surveys allow participants to tell the truth on their opinions and views of the world. While designing a survey, I may have my own personal distinct view on a topic and I may construct the questions in a way that lead participants to answer how I want them to by using certain wording techniques and placing the questions in a certain order. If conducting a survey, I would not expect any of my participants to share the same world views with me although I may be able to word the questions in a way to persuade the participants to answer the same way I did; surveys can be manipulative.

Being in a society such as we are now, every can have their own, distinct views on the world and problems occurring within it. Race, ethnicity, and social class have a clear impact on an individual’s world view. New Jersey and states bordering us, such as New York, problems with police brutality have been rising in the communities. Although unjust for everyone, black or African American individuals are more likely to be concerned on this issue than other races. An article from nj.com explains how the black community feels that they are more likely to be punched by a cop. This issue would be of a greater significance to certain races than other and answers may vary about the severity of the situation and the importance of it. Black individuals see the world differently than let’s say non-Hispanic white individuals. Ethnicity has also separated society into groups based on their culture such as their traits, language, religion, or diet. With this separation comes different world views as each group has different values. Social class is another distinction that can alter the way that individuals view world topics. Unemployment in the US and in the world are a concern to all, but primarily a concern to the poor and lower social classes. The rich, wealthy class can rely on their trust funds and money to support them, while the homeless get fired from their job for no specific reason and can no longer afford items such as food. If asked, lower social classes would be more concerned about unemployment rates because it personally affects them. Race, ethnicity, and social class are three socioeconomic statuses that can affect an individual’s world view.

Being that each individual can have their own opinions on which worldly topic is most important, or least important, surveys would be able to reflect that. Surveys speak for the people and show how they feel. You can provide ten people that a very similar with the same ten questions and still come out with ten different results because every individual has their own values and opinion. Surveys are a very useful method to conduct research and analyze data.

The process of using surveys are fraught with possible traps and mistakes. The type of questions asked the region the survey is deployed in, the type of people who are asked, and even something as simple as the order of the questions can influence the data gathered. One example is a survey in 2003 asked people “whether they would ‘favor or oppose taking military action in Iraq to end Saddam Hussein’s rule.’ However, when asked whether they would ‘favor or oppose taking military action in Iraq to end Saddam Hussein’s rule even if it meant that U.S. forces might suffer thousands of casualties,’ responses were dramatically different.”1 This easily shows how surveys can be misleading due to psychology. Surveys are still a popular form of data collection though, due to the fact that if implemented correctly, this type of research can give a great amount of insight. Even the best survey can never be one-hundred percent accurate, especially for the entire population, but it is different than other forms of research. Surveys can show the beliefs and perspectives of as many people as possible to give a greater understanding of society. In studying history, for example, one can see how perspectives and beliefs of people changed over time. When Americans were asked what the most important issue facing the country was, the answers depended upon what was happening.

Keeping out of the war, for example, was one of the most important issues during 1941, but this worry disappears in 1997. 2 This primary source is an excellent way for Historians to understand past perspectives. War was an issue in 1941 due to world war II and not in 1997 due to a lack of foreign wars the US was involved in since it was before 9/11. As for responses, especially with open-ended questions, one can expect similar types of answers, but even people who believe in the same thing can answer a question drastically differently. One can never assume that people taking the same survey will answer the same or different. The complex interactions of environment, social class, race, gender, and sexual orientation to name a few creates a unique situation for each person. Even if you are in the same social category as another person your beliefs can be different. For example, the Equal Rights Amendment failed to pass due to divisions within one category. Despite the ERA giving equal legal rights for all, many women believed that “the ERA would do away with much of the special status granted to women, including the right to be supported by their husbands, and would damage the traditional American family.” 3

Answers and beliefs are heavily influenced by not one, but multiple social categories as well as individual natures. One can hypothesize what social group will answer in a certain way, but people are not simple, and even similar groups can believe in opposite views. Overall, surveys, despite their faults, is one of the best ways to grasp an understanding of many perspectives on a specific topic that takes all the difference between people into consideration.

Footnotes and Work Cited

1  “Questionnaire Design.” Pew Research Center Methods. Pew Research Center. Accessed January 31, 2020. https://www.pewresearch.org/methods/u-s-survey-research/questionnaire-design/.

2  Aisch, Gregor, and Alicia Parlapiano. “’What Do You Think Is the Most Important Problem Facing This Country Today?’.” The New York Times. The New York Times, February 28, 2017. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/02/27/us/politics/most-important-problem-gallup-polling-question.html?_r=3.

3 Law, Tara. “The History of the Equal Rights Amendment.” Time. Time, January 15, 2020. https://time.com/5657997/equal-rights-amendment-history/.

In our previous class discussions, we examined how sociology can be compared to the “hard sciences.” In collecting data through processes such as surveys, sociologists, like other scientists, analyze numbers and trends to form hypotheses and eventually reach conclusions about the research topic. Unlike other sciences, sociology is composed of subjective material relating to individuals’ values and belief systems whereas the hard sciences are more concrete. Using surveys allows researchers to study patterns that reveal themselves over time by accumulating original data from groups that are too large to examine. Surveys are more personalized than other traditional research methods since the researches who conduct them are using them as tools to connect directly to their subjects to evaluate their viewpoints.

For conducting our research, conducting a survey is a great approach because if each member of the class intrinsically gathers results from a diverse group of people on Ramapo College’s campus, the results can be generalized for the overall Ramapo population. This can only occur if we carefully follow the proper guidelines and avoid any room for misinterpretation and confusion from the participants. To do so, double-barreled questions and words with strong connotations should be avoided as well as other forms of push polling. As noted by the Pew Research Center, the first step of conducting a survey is to decide what matters will be encompassed in the survey. The article mentions techniques such as open- and closed-ended questions and the ordering of questions that could have a significant impact on the way the participants answer the survey and whether or not they are likely to continue answering. Additionally, the article claims that asking demographic questions is always helpful for the researchers for when they make connections later when assimilating why some participants answered one way and others answered differently.[1]

I believe that conducting the survey will be a better learning experience than using more traditional research methods because of how customized it will be. We will be creating it ourselves by coming up with our own questions, using Google Forms as our platform, and asking a group of people that we share ties to. Although the participants will most likely remain anonymous, it is more eye-opening to study results from people who we personally reach out to, whether that may be through social media or in person, than to read articles that are already written, analyzed, and published. It will certainly be an interesting experience as well because no, people will not answer the same way as each of us do. I do not expect them to share the same opinions as me; even if they believe in the same overall picture as I do, I am sure that there are smaller and more technical subtopics that may cause us to differ in opinion. I do think that gender, race, and social class, as well as other factors such as religion and familial upbringing, impact the ways we see the world since these aspects form our identities and are what unite us as a human race as well as are what divide us, unfortunately. I expect to see these differences reflected in survey responses because just in casual conversation and in the manners people express themselves through their fashion styles and in social interactions, these traits are evidently revealed.

Bibliography:

[1] “Questionnaire Design.” Pew Research Center Methods. Pew Research Center. Accessed February 4, 2020. https://www.pewresearch.org/methods/u-s-survey-research/questionnaire-design/.